The Old English Font Pack
for Windows
Version 3 (January 1996)
by Peter Baker
Department of English
University of Virginia
peterbaker@virginia.edu

This package is provided free of charge to students and scholars of Old English. You may give it away (please keep this document with it), but you may not sell it. You may use it in publications without obtaining permission.

The Old English Font Pack for Windows comes in both TrueType and Type 1 versions. It contains these fonts:

Junius (Regular, Italic, Bold, Bold italic)
Junius Modern (Regular, Italic, Bold, Bold italic)
Junius Standard (Regular, Italic, Bold, Bold italic)
Junius Small Caps
Beowulf-1
Beowulf-1-Alt
Anglo-Saxon-Caps
Times Old English (Regular, Italic)

“Junius” is a revival of the “Saxon” typeface made for Franciscus Junius in the seventeenth century and subsequently used in a number of books produced by the Clarendon Press. Italic versions have been added. (“Junius Rough” contains characters based on the original scanned images of Junius’s font—they have not been edited or modernized.)

“Junius Modern” is the same typeface, but with modern characters substituted for insular ones and a number of specialized characters added.

“Junius Standard” matches the style of the other “Junius” fonts, but contains the standard Windows character set. It enables those using “Junius” and “Junius Modern” for Old and Middle English passages to set the other parts of their text in a compatible style. “Junius Standard,” unlike the other “Junius” fonts, uses “lining” or “upper-case” numerals, good for columns and tables.

“Junius Small Caps” is primarily for those who use the “Junius” fonts in  publishing. It should be used in preference to the “small caps” command in word processors and desktop publishing applications.

“Beowulf-1” is a script font inspired by the first scribal hand of Beowulf; “Beowulf-1-Alt” is a collection of ligatures and alternate character-shapes intended for use with “Beowulf-1.” Like many script fonts, “Beowulf-1” looks smaller than roman fonts at the same point-size. I recommend that you use it at 14 points or larger; 18 points is optimal.

“Anglo-Saxon Caps” is based on plate I of Henry Shaw, The Hand Book of Mediaeval Alphabets and Devices (London, 1853), which reproduces a collection of capitals from British Library MS Royal I. E. vi, an Anglo-Saxon gospel manuscript. It contains no punctuation and no “thorn” or “eth”; “J” and “W” have been added for the convenience of modern users. Capitals are in both upper- and lower-case positions, and these are sometimes different. The font is good for headlines and drop-caps: see it in Beowulf: Basic Readings (New York: Garland, 1995). It should be used at 24 points or larger.

“Times Old English” is a collection of characters of interest to Old English scholars, designed to harmonize with Times-style fonts. It is no longer under development (having been superseded by “Junius Modern”) and is included here for compatibility with earlier versions of the Old English Font Pack.

Installing TrueType fonts
Before installing these fonts, be sure to remove any older versions from your system.

The easiest way to install TrueType fonts in Windows 95 is to drag the font files into the “Fonts” folder (normally located in the “Windows” or “Win95” folder).

To install fonts in Windows 3.1, open the Control Panel, double-click on the “Fonts” icon, click the “Add” button, and navigate to the location of the font files you wish to install. These will automatically be copied to the \Windows\System directory.

These are the TrueType font files:
Junius: junirg__.ttf, junii___.ttf, junib___.ttf, junibi__.ttf
Junius Rough: junrough.ttf
Junius Modern: junimrg_.ttf, junimi__.ttf, junimb__.ttf, junimbi_.ttf
Junius Standard: junisrg_.ttf, junisi__.ttf, junisb__.ttf, junisbi_.ttf
Junius Small Caps: junisc__.ttf
Beowulf-1: beowulf_.ttf
Beowulf-1-Alt: beoalt_1.ttf
Anglo-Saxon Caps: saxon.ttf

Installing Type 1 fonts
Before installing these fonts, be sure to remove any older versions from your system.

To use Type 1 fonts, you must install Adobe Type Manager in your system. Start the Type Manager control panel, click the “Add” button, and navigate to the location of the font files you wish to install.

These are the Type 1 font files:
Junius: junirg__.pfb, junirg__.pfm, junii___.pfb, junii___.pfm, junib___.pfb, junib___.pfm, junibi__.pfb, junibi__.pfm
Junius Rough: juro____.pfb, juro____.pfm
Junius Modern: junimrg_.pfb, junimrg_.pfm, junimi__.pfb, junimi__.pfm, junimb__.pfb, junimb__.pfm, junimbi_.pfb, junimbi_.pfm
Junius Standard: junisrg_.pfb, junisrg_.pfm, junisi__.pfb, junisi__.pfm, junisb__.pfb, junisb__.pfm, junisbi_.pfb, junisbi_.pfm
Junius Small Caps: junisc__.pfb, junisc__.pfm
Beowulf-1: beowulf_.pfb, beowulf_.pfm
Beowulf-1-Alt: beowa___.pfb, beowa___.pfm
Anglo-Saxon Caps: ansc____.pfb, ansc____.pfm

•	The remainder of this document displays characters in Junius and Junius Modern. Before you read on or print this document, exit your word processor and install the fonts.

Character locations
The following table shows the locations of all special characters (i.e. those not accessible from the keyboard or those not normally found in Windows fonts) in Junius and Junius Modern; characters also found in Junius Standard are listed in the last column. Characters for which a keyboard location is given may be accessed simply by typing the appropriate key. Others may be accessed by holding down the Alt key while typing 0 + the number. For example, Á may be accessed by typing Alt-0193.

Some characters occur twice in Junius or Junius Modern. For these characters, the first location listed in the table should be preferred, as the use of this location will promote compatibility between Junius and Junius Modern, permit software to recognize alphabetic characters, and, in most cases, permit software to alphabetize Old English words properly. The other locations are provided only for compatibility with older versions of Junius.

The character set for Beowulf-1 is nearly identical with that of Junius. The character set for Beowulf-1-Alt is not shown here, as the characters it contains will not ordinarily be accessed from the keyboard (see next section). You may use the Windows Character Map utility to determine the positions of characters in Beowulf-1-Alt.

Char	Description	Junius	JuniusModern	JuniusStandard	
ç	A-acute	193	193	193	
Ä	A-macron	196	196		
À	A-breve		192		
‡	a-acute	225	225	225	
ä	a-macron	228	228		
à	a-breve		224		
®	Ash	198	198	198	
^	Ash-acute	194, ^ (94)	194, ^ (94)		
Å	Ash-macron	197, * (42)	197, * (42)		
Ã	Ash-breve		195		
æ	ash	230	230	230	
â	ash-acute	226, % (37)	226, % (37)		
å	ash-macron	229, @ (64)	229, @ (64)		
ã	ash-breve		227		
¾	b-crossed		190		
‚	C-dotted		199		
�	c-dotted		231		
½	d-crossed		189		
ƒ	E-acute	201	201	201	
Ë	E-macron	203	203		
È	E-breve		200		
Ž	e-acute	233	233	233	
ë	e-macron	235	235		
è	e-breve		232		
Ê	E-hook		202		
-in-law implicated10700:13:25,839 --> 00:13:27,874in a treasonous plot?10800:13:31,978 --> 00:13:34,848i`m afraid i do not know the details.10900:13:36,616 --> 00:13:39,052where does this leave the princess?11000:13:40,153 --> 00:13:42,489punishment for treason  is extermination of the entire11100:13:42,889 --> 00:13:45,892clan. i fear injury will come to my princess.11200:13:47,460 --> 00:13:50,296nonsense. who would dare bring injury to a member11300:13:50,630 --> 00:13:52,732of the imperial house?11400:13:54,968 --> 00:13:59,072do not fear, princess.i will protect you.11500:14:02,142 --> 00:14:05,011your grace is immeasurable, your highness.11600:14:08,882 --> 00:14:12,852but i do not wish to bring injury to the imperial house.11700:14:13,887 --> 00:14:17,090if my father has committed a crime , i will accept the11800:14:17,624 --> 00:14:19,059consequences.11900:14:21,194 --> 00:14:24,364no, princess. i promise you i won`t let anyone hurt you.12000:14:24,364 --> 00:14:28,435no , princess. i promise you i won`t let anyone hurt you.12100:14:31,204 --> 00:14:34,607that`s right . you are the future empress of12200:14:35,241 --> 00:14:39,012the empire before you are sir yi`s daughter.12300:14:40,013 --> 00:14:42,015put your faith in me.12400:14:42,449 --> 00:14:44,017thank you...12500:14:48,955 --> 00:14:51,458your highness , advisor chung to see you.12600:14:52,592 --> 00:14:53,960you may go now.12700:14:55,395 --> 00:14:56,529yes, your highness.12800:15:10,243 --> 00:15:13,680crown prince , princess, have you afred well?12900:15:27,527 --> 00:15:28,862see the advisor in.13000:15:30,830 --> 00:15:31,965please enter.13100:15:44,878 --> 00:15:46,980advisor, why are you trying to destroy a man you have13200:15:47,313 --> 00:15:48,848already killed?13300:15:51,584 --> 00:15:55,021your highness, i`m afraid i don`t understand.13400:15:56,656 --> 00:15:59,125i heard that the central committee is trying to13500:15:59,526 --> 00:16:02,195bring charges of high treason against sir yi.13600:16:03,596 --> 00:16:07,033why are you trying to destroy a man who is already dead?13700:16:10,470 --> 00:16:13,306you and sir yi instigated an uprising in 1170 and13800:16:13,973 --> 00:16:17,510removed the deposed emperor from the throne.13900:16:18,078 --> 00:16:20,980if sir yi is a criminal of high treason, so are you14000:16:21,348 --> 00:16:24,050and the entire military of this state.14100:16:25,185 --> 00:16:27,921your highness, your remarks are extreme.14200:16:29,155 --> 00:16:32,025we are in the process of investigating the alleged14300:16:32,625 --> 00:16:35,061crime, so truth will soon be revealed.14400:16:36,863 --> 00:16:38,665advisor, hear me loud and clear.14500:16:41,868 --> 00:16:43,870i will overlook the murder of sir yi.14600:16:44,938 --> 00:16:49,442but if anyone tries to implicate him with treason and bring harm14700:16:50,076 --> 00:16:52,545to the princess, i will not be idle.14800:17:04,124 --> 00:17:06,826madam, i am shocked and dismayed.14900:17:07,427 --> 00:17:11,031how could sir yi have died this violent and untimely death?15000:17:13,266 --> 00:17:15,568madam yim is to be blamed15100:17:16,202 --> 00:17:19,839what did i tell you ?she is a black widow15200:17:23,209 --> 00:17:29,649stop it. it is no use placing blame when he is already gone.15300:17:30,250 --> 00:17:34,421if only i had been better wife to him...15400:17:43,930 --> 00:17:49,135day to wear the robe that madam yim had sewn15500:17:51,338 --> 00:17:55,475you should beat her to death or throw her out.15600:17:56,009 --> 00:17:57,577if you can`t do it, i`ll do it for you15700:17:57,577 --> 00:17:58,645if you can`t do it, i`ll do it for you15800:17:59,412 --> 00:18:00,447stop it15900:18:08,054 --> 00:18:11,191i know she is the empress dowager`s sister, but talk16000:18:11,858 --> 00:18:14,994about audacity! why is she still here after getting16100:18:15,595 --> 00:18:19,566her man killed by seeping around?16200:18:44,424 --> 00:18:47,160why did you asked to see me, sir?16300:18:50,563 --> 00:18:53,466we just met, lieutenant.let us have a drink first.16400:18:59,739 --> 00:19:02,976i`d like to know why before i take the drink.16500:19:07,113 --> 00:19:10,083you are as stubborn as they say you are.16600:19:12,719 --> 00:19:15,455treacherous villain yi ui-bang has been eliminated,16700:19:16,056 --> 00:19:20,026but i have yet to purge the royal court of his hidden men.16800:19:20,960 --> 00:19:24,497the regime will into great danger if they should make a move16900:19:25,065 --> 00:19:28,034now when the regime is still being threatened by the west17000:19:28,735 --> 00:19:32,305capital rebles. i summoned you to ask for your help.17100:19:38,411 --> 00:19:39,012lieutenantm will you help me?17200:19:42,148 --> 00:19:45,285how could you trust me with such an important job?17300:19:47,387 --> 00:19:50,290i heard that you are the strongest and most17400:19:50,924 --> 00:19:53,960courageous man in the imperial convoys.17500:19:54,594 --> 00:19:57,630and they also say that you are a amn of iron will.17600:20:00,633 --> 00:20:03,937lieutenant huh, will you join hands with me for the17700:20:04,304 --> 00:20:06,106preservation of the regime?17800:20:07,707 --> 00:20:11,478if i agree to go under you, what will you give me?17900:20:13,513 --> 00:20:17,183i will make you my right-hand man.18000:20:39,372 --> 00:20:40,407what is my job?18100:20:48,214 --> 00:20:51,251ferret out the agents that sir yi planted in the palace18200:20:51,851 --> 00:20:54,988to carry out his treasonous plot and kill them.18300:21:11,938 --> 00:21:14,808madam, do we have unfinished business?18400:21:16,743 --> 00:21:20,413kyun, i know you didn`t mean the things you said at the18500:21:21,014 --> 00:21:23,883empress dowager`s chamebrs.18600:21:33,693 --> 00:21:39,165i want to put everything behind and go back to the way we were.18700:21:42,002 --> 00:21:48,208kyun, if youe love for me is true, do not turn me away.18800:21:55,015 --> 00:21:58,518i`m afraid i do not know who you are.18900:22:00,620 --> 00:22:04,024kyun...how could you...19000:22:04,624 --> 00:22:05,892let`s go19100:22:08,561 --> 00:22:11,331kyun19200:22:16,202 --> 00:22:21,908i have eased you from my heart, so do not seek me again.19300:22:35,121 --> 00:22:38,625madam, i have no other choice in order to seize the world...19400:22:38,992 --> 00:22:40,360forgive me...19500:23:33,513 --> 00:23:35,048what is the meaning of this?19600:23:40,453 --> 00:23:43,189how could you do this to the emperor`s woman?19700:23:43,690 --> 00:23:45,258- take her away-aye19800:23:48,428 --> 00:23:49,996let me go19900:23:55,435 --> 00:23:56,302search the room20000:23:57,070 --> 00:23:57,804aye20100:24:04,878 --> 00:24:06,246i found it20200:24:48,555 --> 00:24:49,622halt20300:25:09,809 --> 00:25:12,245have the criminals confessed?20400:25:12,846 --> 00:25:15,148no, but they have an irrefutable evidence20500:25:15,515 --> 00:25:17,017against them.20600:25:28,661 --> 00:25:32,232the plot was to have these maids become the emperor`s20700:25:32,832 --> 00:25:36,569courtesan and kill him with poisoned wine.20800:25:37,103 --> 00:25:38,938poisoned wine?20900:25:40,740 --> 00:25:41,875show him.21000:26:36,629 --> 00:26:39,632who hired you to kill the emperor?21100:26:43,003 --> 00:26:44,804i am innocent.21200:26:46,773 --> 00:26:48,975arenlparù	u-breve		249		
Ý	Y-acute	221	221	221	
Ÿ	Y-macron	159	159		
Û	Y-breve		219		
ý	y-acute	253	253	253	
ÿ	y-macron	255	255		
û	y-breve		251		
y	y-dotted	y (121)			
¹	y-dotless	185	y (121), 185	y (121)	
Õ	Yogh		213		
õ	yogh		245		
¨	a abbrev		168		
¼	con abbrev		188		
®	er abbrev		174		
±	est abbrev		177		
³	ibus abbrev		179		
°	rum abbrev		176		
²	ur abbrev		178		
ª	us abbrev		170		
‹	slant left		139		
›	slant right		155		
µ	punctuation-1	181	181		
¶	punctuation-2	182	182		
¸	punctuation-3	184	184		
·	punctuation-4	183	183		

Macros for Beowulf-1-Alt and MS Word
Beowulf-1-Alt contains a large number of alternate character shapes and ligatures. Experiment with the alternate character shapes to identify the ones you like. Use of the ligatures will help you to achieve a hand-written look in your printed documents. However, the ligatures are so numerous that it would be very tedious to insert them by hand. If you have MS Word version 6 or higher, you can use the macro “BeoLigatures” to perform the search-and-replace operations that will place the ligatures in your document. If you do not have Word 6, you can use “BeoLigatures” as a model for a macro of your own.

To install the macro, start Word and open an editing window for a new macro “BeoLigatures.” (Choose “macro” from the “Tools” menu; then type “BeoLigatures” in the box and click “Create.”) Then go to the File Manager (Windows 3.1) or Explorer (Windows 95) and double-click on the file “beoligs.txt” to start Notepad. Choose “Select all” from the “Edit” menu and copy the text to the clipboard. Then return to Word’s macro window and paste the text. Close the window and answer “yes” when asked if you wish to save the macro.

Always run the macro on a copy of your text, not on the original. The macro makes the text print well, but will render it useless for searching and some other purposes.

Another macro, “BeoSpecial,” is supplied as an example of how to use the nota &, $, and other special characters; run it before “BeoLigatures.” You may use this macro or alter it to reflect your own preferences and tastes. “BeoLigatures” should not be altered, as the order of the search-and-replace operations is important.